: Names like Korkai, Tondi, and Vanji, which are significant in ancient Tamil literature, exist as place names in modern-day Pakistan and Afghanistan.
The Indian subcontinent has been home to some of the world's most ancient and sophisticated civilizations, with the Indus Valley Civilization being one of the most notable examples. This civilization, which thrived around 4300-1300 BCE, is renowned for its advanced urban planning, architecture, and water management systems. However, the story of Indian civilization does not end with the decline of the Indus Valley Civilization. Instead, it marks the beginning of a long and winding journey that takes us to the banks of the Vaigai River, a journey that spans over 4,000 years of history, culture, and transformation. a journey of civilization indus to vaigai pdf
Recent excavations at Keeladi on the banks of the Vaigai River provide a critical "missing link". Archaeological findings here, including graffiti marks on potsherds that resemble Indus script signs, suggest a second urbanization in the Vaigai plains that carries the legacy of the first urbanization in the Indus Valley. : Names like Korkai, Tondi, and Vanji, which
Around 1300 BCE, the Indus Valley Civilization began to decline, and new civilizations emerged in the Indian subcontinent. Some of the notable civilizations that arose during this period include: However, the story of Indian civilization does not
| Indus Feature (2600 BCE) | Vaigai Parallel (300 BCE) | Evidence | |--------------------------|----------------------------|----------| | Steatite seals with animal symbols | Pottery graffiti with arrow-fish signs | Keezhadi digs (2021) | | Great Bath (ritual purification) | Temple tanks ( pushkarini ) | Kallalagar temple, Madurai | | Cotton weaving (Mehrgarh) | Kalingam (fine cotton) export | Sangam poem Mathuraikkanci | | Bull worship (Pashupati seal) | Mullai land’s sacred cattle | Tolkāppiyam grammar |
The book argues that the Indus Valley people were Dravidians who migrated southwards following the decline of their civilization around 1900 BCE. Balakrishnan uses a multidisciplinary approach to bridge the "spatial and temporal gap" between the Indus and the Vaigai: