: Focuses on high-speed mobile broadband, necessitating advanced antenna systems like MIMO and strict noise analysis. Distributed Antenna Systems (DAS) Architecture
Indoor radio planning for 2G, 3G, and 4G in 2015 required a delicate balance: maintaining legacy voice coverage (2G), supporting soft handover efficiency (3G), and delivering high-throughput MIMO (4G). While 5G has since introduced mmWave and massive MIMO, the principles of link budgets, propagation modeling, and DAS design laid out in guides like this remain timeless. | Generation | Service | Required RSRP (LTE)
| Generation | Service | Required RSRP (LTE) / RSSI (2G) | Signal-to-noise (dB) | Blocking probability | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 2G | Voice/SMS | > -85 dBm | > 9 | < 2% | | 3G | Voice/data | > -80 dBm (CPICH RSCP) | Ec/Io > -12 dB | < 5% | | 4G | Data (10 Mbps down) | > -105 dBm (RSRP) | SINR > 3 | < 10% | -85 dBm | >